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Edible

(Some Like It, Some Don't)

 

Lactarius rubrilacteus

(Bleeding Milk Cap)

Photograph by Brother Alfred Brousseau, St. Mary's College

(Identified by Photographer as "Lactarius sanguifluis")

© 1999 Saint Mary's College of California

 

Jack S. States in Mushrooms and Truffles of the Southwest indicates Lactarius rebrilacteus is usually found in the southwest under douglas fir and mixed conifer forests in the Canadian zone. I have eaten it after finding it under douglas fir in large numbers. They are similar to L. deliciosus but have a red rather than orange latex. In both species the latex can be very scant but if you cut through the cap you can see a bright red coloration where L. deliciosus would be carrot orange. though they tend to be smaller than paler Lactarius barrowsii which appear under ponderosa pines during the time Boletus barrowsii is fruiting. While I like both L deliciosus and L. rubrilacteus, particularly in stews, I prefer the rubrilacteus. Both L. rubrilacteus and L. deliciosus appear to prefer to fruit in open grassy areas near douglas firs, rather than in shaded areas where the firs are thicker. I have not yet found L. deliciosus in the Zuni Mountains but in the same type of area as I find L. deliciosus on Mount Taylor L. rubrilacteus is usually abundant in the Zuni Mountains.

 

Synonyms:

Lactarius sanguifluus (Arora takes the position these are probably the same. The University of Michigan takes the position they are different).

 

Contents of this Page

Common Names - Common names listed for many languages

Keys to Lactarius sp.

Descriptions - Links to descriptions of this species in many languages

Photographs - Links to photographs of this species on the web

Drawings and Paintings - Links to illustrations of this species on the web

Postage Stamps - Links to postage stamps showing this species on the web

Recipes

Recipes on the Web - Links to recipes for this species on the web (in many languages)

My Own Recipes:

Guisado de Carne, Patatas y Lactarius rubrilacteus, en el Estilo de Nuevo Mexico

Huevos Revueltos con Lactarius rubrilacteus

Patatas Guisadas con Lactarius rubrilacteus

 

Photograph by Brother Alfred Brousseau, St. Mary's College

(Identified by Photographer as "Lactarius sanguifluis")

© 1999 Saint Mary's College of California

 

NOTE REGARDING INFORMATION ON THIS PAGE

The following information and links are compiled by B.W. Freyburger of Gallup, New Mexico, who regularly collects mushroms during the late summer and fall in the mountains near there. Please notify him of persistently dead links, additional links regarding this species, or errors in information or links herein through email by clicking on his name above. This site contains links to other sites which are not authored by or controlled by the webmaster of this site. Unfortunately these sites sometimes diasppear or or are reorganized or moved leaving the link nonfunctional. I try to check for dead links and update or remove them as often as possible. Information, recipes, photographs, illustrations, and other material on these sites is likely subject to copyright protection. Please respect the legal rights of persons creating this material. This site also utilizes some clip art obtained from sources which identified it as public domain or authorized for use on non-commercial sites. If you notice any material on this site which you believe to be used in violation of copyright laws please notify the webmaster immediately. Some clip art appearing here is original. All original material contained on this page not otherwise copyrighted is ©2001 by B.W. Freyburger. All rights reserved.

Keys to Lactarius sp.

Hesler, L. R. and A. H. Smith 1979. North American Species of Lactarius. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. p. 66-67.

 

Common names:

 

(Lactarius rubrilacteus)

Basque:

Catalan: rovellon (usually identified as L. sanguifluus which may be identical to L. rubrilacteus, sometimes used for L. deliciosus)

Czech:

Danish:

Dutch:

English:

Finnish:

French:

German:

Hungarian:

Italian:

Japanese:

Norwegian:

Polish:

Yugoslavian (Serbian?):

Slovakian:

Slovenian:

Spanish:

Swedish:

Turkish:

 

(Lactarius sanguifluus)

Basque: piñutela, esne-gorri, esneardotsua

Catalan: rovelló (also used for L. deliciosus), rovellon (usually identified as L. sanguifluus which may be identical to L. rubrilacteus, sometimes used for L. deliciosus), esclata-sang, rovelló de solell, vinader

English: bleeding milk cap

French: lactaire vineux, lactaire sanguin, sanguin, roubellou

Galician: pinga roxa

German: blutreizker, südlicher blutreizker

Italian: agarico sanguigno, lapacendro sanguigno, sanguinello,sanguinacci, sanguin

Polish: mleczaja czerwieniejacego

Spanish:

Castillian: nfscalo de sangre vinosa; rebollón

Swedish: vinriska

 

©2001 by B.W. Freyburger. All Rights Reserved.

Click for Larger Photograph

 

Descriptions:

Links to descriptions of Lactarius rubrilacteus and L. sanguifluus on the web in many languages.

 

Basque

 

Catalan

Els Bolets

 

English

Malta, Ministry of the Environment, Environment Protection Department - Infobase

MICH Fungal Bioinformatics Project

Rich, Robert

The Fungi of California

 

Finnish

 

French

Bionaturel - la Boutique de Nature et Bio

HMP Champignons (scroll down)

NOS ENQUÊTES

Tachenon, Alain

 

German

Kottas, Peter W.

 

Italian

I FUNGHI ITALIANI (scroll down)

I Funghi Nel Trentino

Oikos

 

Norwegian

Polish

Spanish

Swedish

 

Click for Full-Sized Photograph

Lactarius sanguifluus from Greece

Photograph by Angelos Papadimitriou from Mushrooms in Greece

Used by permission of Angelos Papadimitriou.

Index of Angelos Papadimitriou Mushroom Photographs on this site

Other Photographs of Lactarius sangifluus by Angelos Papadimitriou

 

Photographs:

Links to photographs of Lactarius rubrilacteus and L. sanguifluus on the web.

Agenzia Regionale Umbra per lo Sviluppo e l'Innovazione in Agricoltura

Agenzia Regionale Umbra per lo Sviluppo e l'Innovazione in Agricoltura

Bionaturel - la Boutique de Nature et Bio (text in French)

BOLETS de la VALL D'ALBAIDA (Volum I) (text in unknown idiom from Spain)

Bolets de Menorca (text in Catalan)

CERCLE DE MYCOLOGIE DE MONS (Page perso de JJ.Wuilbaut) (text in French)

CERCLE DE MYCOLOGIE DE MONS (Page perso de JJ.Wuilbaut) (text in French)

CERCLE DE MYCOLOGIE DE MONS (Page perso de JJ.Wuilbaut) (text in French)

Champimousse (text in French)

Els Bolets (text in Catalan)

Funghi in Italia (text in Italian)

GAL CSAJT (text in Italian)

Guia dels principals bolets de Menorca (text in Catalan)

I FUNGHI ITALIANI (scroll down)(text in Italian)

I Funghi di Sassello

I Funghi Nel Trentino (text in Italian)

Kuznik, Boleslaw - Hunrting for Mushrooms (text in English)

LES CHAMPIGNONS (text in French)

Mackler, Robert

Natural-List

NOS ENQUÊTES (text in French)

Oikos (text in Italian)

Partez à la découverte des champignons

Rich, Robert (text in English)

Saissoft Video (text in Catalan)

Sulle Tracce dei Funghi di San Sisto

SvampGuiden (text in Swedish)

Tachenon, Alain (text in French)

The Fungi of California (text in English)

Universitat de Lleida - Centro Tecnológic Forestal de Catalunya

 

Drawings and Paintings:

Links to illustrations of Lactarius rubrilacteus and L. sanguifluus on the web.

Malta, Ministry of the Environment, Environment Protection Department - Infobase (text in English)

 

Postage Stamps:

Links to postage stamps depicting Lactarius rubrilacteus and L. sanguifluus on the web.

Andorra 07--20-1983

Andorra 07-20-1983

Spain 03-18-1993

Spain 03-18-1993

 

©2001 by B.W. Freyburger. All Rights Reserved.

Click for Larger Photograph

 

Recipes:

THE MANDATORY DISCLAIMER

On mycophagy:

There is a saying in German that translates roughly as "All mushrooms are edible, but some kinds only once." Put another way, there are old mushroom hunters and there are bold mushroom hunters, but there are no old bold mushroom hunters.

Don't overdo it. Most adverse reactions I have had to wild mushrooms have usually been tied to over-consumption. Most of all, if you aren't absolutely sure what it is, it is generally wiser not to eat it. When in doubt throw it out.

General Information About Preparing Milky Caps

Note: Many European websites warn that Lactarius sanguifluus is edible only after cooking. I am not sure whether the same is true for L. rubrilacteus.

Important Urine Warning:

Information contained in some web sites in Spain indicates that after consuming quantities of rovellons ones urine turns a bright red. One site which identifies rovellons as L. delicosus indicated one individual was very concerned and thought he must be dying when this happened the next morning and immediately went to the emergency room only to be told it was normal excretion by the kidneys of pigments in rovellons. Another site notes the same phenomenon with regard to rovellons but identifies rovellons as L. sanguifluus, thought by Arora to be identical to L. rubrilacteus. I am not sure why web sites in Spain talk so blatantly about this phenonmenon when it seems to go unmentioned in American sources. It would seem more likely that L. rubrilacteus/L. sanguifluus, which have dark red latex, would have this effect than L deliciosus, which has orange latex. However, the following web sites outside Spain also report that L. deliciosus will cause urine to be red: Caratteristiche in cucina di alcune famiglie, Fishing in Wales and Svet Gob - World of Mushrooms. Whichever species it is, if your urine turns bright red the next morning try not to let it panic you too much. L. sanguifluus and L. deliciosus are said to be the most popular mushrooms in Catalunya, which explains the large number of recipes from Spain. When I ate the recipes appearing below on this page using Lactarius rubrilacteus I did not notice any effect on urine color.

On storing Lactarius rubrilacteus:

On cooking Lactarius rubrilacteus:

Presumably, Lactarius rubrilacteus can be cooked in any manner suitable for Lactarius deliciosus.

 

B.W. Freyburger

 

Recipes on the Web:

See links to recipes on the internet for Lactarius deliciosus.

Links to recipes using Lactarius rubrilacteus/Lactarius sanguifluus appearing on the web. In many areas of Spain the same common names are used for both L. deliciosus and L. sanguifluus and recipes using such common names are listed under both species.

 

Czech

 

English

Baked Kasha and Mushrooms (scroll down)

Marinated Mushrooms with Onion Rings (scroll down)

Mushroom Frittata (scroll down)

Mushroom Soup with Sherry (scroll down)

Pickled Milky Caps

 

French

Jeunes Lactaires à l’huile d’olive

LACTAIRES DELICIEUX EN PICKLES

 

German

 

Italian

Sanguinacci (scroll down)

 

Spanish

Arroz a la ampurdanesa

Arroz brut

Arroz salvaje con bacon

Butifarra con niscalos

Caracoles con setas

COSTILLAS CON NISCALOS

Dorada als Esclata-sangs / Dorada a los Rovellones

Fricandó al estilo de "l'àvia"

Fricandó al estilo de "l'àvia"

Guisado de carne con setas "rovellons"

GUISO DE CONEJO DE MONTE

HUEVOS REVUELTOS CON NISCALOS

Lasañas con sopa de morillas y níscalos

Liebre con Niscalos y Caracoless

Macarrones de Yayo

NISCALOS AL HORNO

NISCALOS AL PERFUME DE ÑORAS

Níscalos con patatas

PATATAS CON COSTILLAS Y NISCALOS

PATATAS GUISADAS CON MÍCULAS

RAGOUT DE NISCALOS

Revoltillo con setas

Revuelto de setas

SALSA DE ROVELLONES

SETAS (niscalos)

Setas con castañas

Setas con castañas (scroll down to recipe 3.1)

Sopa de níscalos y perdiz

Sopa de níscalos y perdiz

Sopa de níscalos y perdiz

 

Swedish

Here are a couple of my favorite recipes:

 

Guisado de Carne, Patatas y Lactarius rubrilacteus, en el Estilo de Nuevo Mexico

©2001 by B.W. Freyburger. All Rights Reserved.

Click for Larger Photograph

This is a traditional dish from Catalunya adapted to New Mexico. It is very rich and is an excellent dish for a cold fall evening. I suggest using mild green chiles so as not to totally mask the flavor of the mushrooms. I generally prefer native northern New Mexico chiles which I think are more flavorful (though not necessarily hotter), but any mild green chile will work. If necessary canned or frozen chiles and canned tomatoes may be used. In this case drain the chiles or tomatoes, reserving juice. Add juices with water after frying ingredients first. This is not the best dish for evaluating the flavor of these mushrooms because of the competing flavors, but it is a great stew and easy to make over a camp stove. It tastes quite as good as it looks in the photographs.

Serves 4.

©2001 by B.W. Freyburger. All Rights Reserved.

Click for Larger Photograph

 

2 cloves garlic, minced

4 oz. boneless lean mutton stew meat cut in cubes

2 tablespoons flour

salt and pepper to taste

1/2 teaspoon dried thyme

1/2 teaspoon sweet paprika (preferably Spanish)

1/4 cup olive oil

1 medium onion, chopped

1 large tomato, peeled and chopped

2 large mild green chiles, chopped

2 large potatoes, peeled and chopped into cubes the same size as the mutton

2 cups Lactarius rebrilacteus, cleaned and coarsely chopped

1 bay leaf

1/4 cup sherry

water as needed

Season flour with thyme, salt, pepper and paprika and mix thoroughly. Coat mutton cubes with seasoned flour, Heat olive oil in a stew pot. Add garlic and cook only briefly. Do not let burn. Add floured mutton cubes and cook until lightly browned, stirring often to brown on all sides. Add onions and cook until transparent, stirring often. Add tomato and green chile and cook for a few minutes, stirring often. Add chopped potatoes and any leftover seasoned flour and mix thoroughly. Add mushrooms and mix again. Cover with water and reduce heat to a simmer. Add bay leaf. Cook until potatoes are cooked, stirring often and adding more water as needed to prevent burning. When potatoes are cooked and and water is reduced to a thick sauce add sherry and cook only until sauce is again thickened. Remove bay leaf and serve hot with hot bread or flour tortillas. Some prefer this stew reheated after it has been refrigerated for several hours.

 

Huevos Revueltos con Lactarius rubrilacteus

©2001 by B.W. Freyburger. All Rights Reserved.

Click for Larger Photograph

This is an adaptation of another dish from Spain. It is great for breakfast or any other time. Unlike the prior recipe the mushrooms get showcased here. This is very simple to cook yet surprisingly good. Lactarius rubrilacteus seems to go very well with eggs.

Serves 2

©2001 by B.W. Freyburger. All Rights Reserved.

Click for Larger Photograph

 

2 cups Lactarius rubrilacteus, cleaned and coarsely chopped

1/2 clove garlic, minced

1 small onion, coarsely chopped

3 tablespoons olive oil

2 tablespoons flat leaf parsley, chopped

2 tablespoons sherry

4 eggs, beaten with salt and pepper to taste

2 tablespoons cream

Heat 1/2 of olive oil in skillet and fry mushrooms, onions, and garlic over medium-low heat until mushrooms are cooked and all liquid has evaporated. When most liquid has evaporated splash sherry over mushrooms and continue cooking stirring from time to time until sherry is absorbed. Take care not to burn garlic or the result will be bitter. Remove mushroom onion mixture and keep warm. Clean skillet if necessary and recoat with remaining olive oil. Heat oil and then pour beaten eggs into skillet. Stir with fork or wooden spoon constantly while eggs cook. When eggs are solidified add cream and continue stirring until cream is incorporated into eggs. Place scrambled eggs on one side of sertving platter and place mushroom-onion mixture on the other side. Sprinkle parsley over all and serve.

 

Patatas Guisadas con Lactarius rubrilacteus

©2001 by B.W. Freyburger. All Rights Reserved.

Click for Larger Photograph

This is yet another adaptation of a recipe from Spain, but suitable for vegetarians.

Serves 2 as a main dish, 4 as a first course

 

2 pounds potatoes, peeled and coarsely chopped

2 pounds Lactarius rubrilacteus, Lactarius barrowsii or Lactarius deliciosus, cleaned and halved or quartered depending on size

1 medium white or yellow onion, peeled and coarsely chopped

1 green pepper (red or yellow may also be used as may mild green chiles), chopped

1 large clove of garlic, finely minced

1/4 cup fresh Italian (flat-leafed) parsley, chopped

1/4 cup olive oil

1 teaspoon paprika (sweet, preferably Spanish)

1-1/2 tablespoons white flour

3 medium tomatoes, peeled and chopped (with juice) or 1 can diced tomatoes

water to cover

1/4 teaspoon dried thyme

1/4 teaspoon dried oregano

salt and freshly ground pepper to taste

1/4 cup dry sherry (optional)

 

In a pan suitable for stew fry garlic, onions and green or other colored pepper in olive oil until onion is transparent. Add mushrooms and fry until softened. Add potatoes and fry, stirring, for few minutes. Add parsley and fry, stirring, until wilted. Add paprika and flour and fry a few more minutes, stirring continuously. Add tomatoes, water, thyme and oregano and cook, covered, stirring from time to time to avoid sticking, until potatoes are done. Season to taste with salt and pepper. Add sherry if desired and mix thoroughly and heat to boiling again. Serve hot. Some prefer to refrigerate this overnight and reheat it the next day.

Above recipes ©2001 by B.W. Freyburger. All rights reserved.

All original material contained on this page not otherwise copyrighted is ©2001 by B.W. Freyburger. All rights reserved.

Updated December 29, 2001